CB

CB

What Is Inhibitory Control?

A hand strategically stops falling blue and red domino blocks on a table.

Your phone lights up while you are driving. The notification automatically attracts attention, and checking it is an available response. Not checking requires the current goal—driving safely—to remain more influential than the competing impulse.

What Is Executive Function?

Top view of colorful wooden toy blocks arranged on a white background in a curved pattern.

You intend to finish a report, but a message arrives. You notice it, resist opening it, keep the purpose of the current paragraph in mind, discover that your original plan is not working, switch strategies and check the result against your goal.

What Is Attention?

cats, stray cats, animals, nature, street cats, feral cats, domestic cats, feline, mammals, portrait

You are reading while a conversation takes place nearby. The sound reaches your ears, but most of it does not enter the center of what you are doing.

What Is Long-Term Memory?

filmstrip, negatives, photography, photos, pictures, retro, roll of film, film, vintage, oldtimer, old, nostalgia, nostalgic, film, film, film, film, film

You can remember the meaning of democracy without remembering when you learned the word. You may remember your first day at a new job as an event. You can ride a bicycle without consciously retrieving a verbal instruction for each movement.

What Is Short-Term Memory?

Woman arranging photos and notes on a moodboard for a creative project.

Someone tells you a six-digit verification code. You look away from the message, type the digits, and seconds later may no longer remember them. That brief retention is the clearest territory of short-term memory : the temporary availability of a limited amount of information after the information itself is no longer present.

What Is Quantitative Reasoning?

Top view of various wooden puzzles and brain teasers on a white table.

A shop reduces a €120 item by 25 percent and then adds a 10 percent tax. You could approach the problem by recalling procedures and calculating carefully. But another question comes first: what relationships do those percentages describe, and in what order do they operate?

What Is Visual-Spatial Ability?

3D render abstract digital visualization depicting neural networks and AI technology.

Spatial problems ask us to do more than see what is in front of us: they require us to represent relationships, transform them mentally, and reason about what stays the same when objects or viewpoints change.